William john en earl



W. 1. EN EARL.

VACUUM CARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23. 1915.

1,195,343. I Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

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.57 JZ W Witnesses 1 lnventol .I L I? 7Z Z7 LZM- Q Attorneys" W. 1. EN EARL. VACUUM CARBURETER. APPLICATION mu) OCT. 23. m5.

1 ,195,343. Patented Aug. .22, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N\ o 0 O O 47 til" Witnesses W Z W a Attorneys,

rnn TATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM 301m EN EARL, or MONTE vis'm, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR' 'ro TIE ACUUM cnzmuma'ron COMPANY, or mom's VISTA, COLORADO;

I VACUUM-CARBUBETEB.

Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

Application filed Cetober 23, 1915. Serial No.-57,5 71.

. To all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, \VILLL-xir .7. EN EARL,

, a citizen of the United States, residing at Monte Vista, in the county of Rio Grande and State of Colorado, have invented a new and useful Vacuum-Carbureter, of which I the following is a specification.

-The present invention appertains to car- .bureters, and aims to provide a novel and improved device of that character One of the objects of'the invention is the provision of a carburetor having an elevated fuel. reservoir whereby the level of the ,fuel therein is above the upper end of the ,fuel nozzle, means being provided whereby the fuel ows,.by gravity under all conditions into the nozzle, to assure of a uniform 7 flow of the fuel, which will not be disturbed the variation, in the, suction or flow of air within' t'he easing past the fuel nozzle.

Another object of the invent on IS the pro vision inahcerbureter, of novel means for controllingthe passagc of air through the easing, whereby the air is first drawn past .the t end of the fuel' nozzle to effectively atomiz'e thefuel, and in order. that'the in creased suction will effect thendmission of the air at another point so that the second-' ary supply. air will be drawn readily into the chsing-andj intake inunifold to be admixed with the carbureted air created by the atomizing-aetion. I I v A still further objiect of the invention is the provision of means vllerebjiiihi: :imount of air admitted ,can he control-led nicelyfto i regulate the atoxnizing action, and the influx of the seEondu-rysupply of .zur.

ith the foregoingnnd other objects in view which will appear as the description vproceeds, the invention resides in, the comb'ination arrangement of parts and in the detailsogconstruction hereinafter described" and. cla med, it being ,understood that fichanges in the precise embodiment {of the" 15;

invention herein disclosed can be, made with n the scopeof what s claimed w thout denai=tingfroni the sp rit of the invention.

, ;The invention illustrated in the ,accoi'nf' partying drawings wherein- Figure l is avertical mednm tion or the-improved carburetor showing ti e, wa

in normal inactive position. Fig. 2 isa per- SPGCtIVB view of one of the damper or air controll ng rings and a portion of the device for rotating it. Fig. 3 is a fragmental 'perspective vlew of the Venturi tube and cal chamber-2 therein, the lower end of which is closed by a bottom 3.-bo1ted or otherwise attached to the lower end of the casing or body 1. The upper end of the casing l is attached to the intake manifold 4 of the internal explosive engine, {is usual, and the casing 1. is provided at one side with anbutStanding-air' inlet or conduit 5 adjacent the bottom 3. The inflow of air is controlled by'a butterfly valve 6 carried by a spindle 7: Within the conduit or inlet port 5, suitable means (not shownlbeing employed foroperating the valve 6zin the 'usual'rnanner. l 1.

The bottom-3' is provided with-a central upstanding fuel nozzle 8 projecting axially within the casing, the upper or free end of the nozzle 8 terminating between the ends of the casing, and the ductor passage 9 of the nozzle/extendingdownwardly to 21 depending cylinder IOwith Which the bottom is provided. The lower endof the cyli'nd er'lO is closed by a screwcupill. The liquid fuel, such as gasolcne, is supplied pear.

.One side of the casing 1,'preferably that side oppositethe intake conduit 5,-is providcd with an outstanding fuel reservoir orch'amber'lz, the-"bottom of which is dis posed in a horizontalplane adjacent or slightly above the upper end of the nozzle S.'f\vhereby the level. of the fuel within the re's'c rvoirl2 will be above the upper end of "the 'no'zzlei The casing land bottom 3the're- 'of'ure provi'de d with a .passage oryduct 14 extending ftom the-bottom of the reservoir 12 to: the upper portionofth cylinder 10.

whereby the fuel may flow frnmthe reservoir 12 by gravity into the cylinder 10.

' shown) leading to a liquid fuel tank (not shown), can be connected to the coupling 16 to supply the fuel to the reservoir 12. Thccoupling 16 has internal valve seat 17, and contains a ball valve 18 seatable upon the seat 17 to provide a check valve for preventing the retrograde or backward flow of the fuel from the reservoir.

The admission offuel into the reservoir 12 is controlled by a float 21, there being a vertical valve stem 19 upon which the annular float 21 is slidahle or movable, and the lower end of the. stem 19 having a needle valve 20 cooperable with the upper end of the nipple 15 for controlling the inlet of fuel into the reservoir. Levers 22 are fulcrumed to the top plate 13 of the reservoir 12, and their remote arms bear upon the float 21, while their adjacent arms engage a grooved collar 23 secured to the stem 19 adjacent its upper ,end, whereby when the float rises duev to the rising of the liquid fuel level within the reservoir 12, the float will bear against thelevers 22, and said levers being swung, will force the valve stem 19 downwardly to 'seat the valve 20. This prevents the further inlet of fuel into the reservoir but as the fuel passes from the reservoir through the passage 14 into the nozzle 8, the level of the fuel being lowered, will allow the fioat21 to drop, and; this releases the levers 22, so'that the valvIe 20 can be raised by the premure of the fuel. The float controlled valve thus assures of 0. norfmal fuel level within the reservoir 12, ac-

cording to prevailing practice. The top plate or cover 13 of the reservoir has a socket 24 in which the upper end of the stem or rod 19 is slidable, to steady said stem.

A salient feature of the invention resides in the provision of means whereby the suction within the chamber 2 will not materially or appreciably affect the flow of fuel,

the fuel flowing by gravity only from the "reservoir through the nozzle, for which purpose the reservoir is elevated above the nozzle. Said means embodies a passage or duct the chamber 2'surrounding the nozzle 8 is a vertical cylindrical sleeve 27 having an apertured bottom 28 slidably embracing the nozzle 8. The bottom 28 has an aperture through which the nozzle 8 projects, but the said bottonris' otherwise imperforate. The bottom 28 of the sleeve 27 is normally-dis posed adjacent the bottom 3 ofthe casing. The sleeve 27 is provided with an annular or peripheral series of ports 29 adjacent the bottom 28, and with a second annular or fie ripheral series of ports 30 between its ends and above the ports 29. V

Disposed within the sleeve 27 isu'n inverted funnel-shaped air tube 31 whichli'as its rim attached to the sleeve 27 between the ports 29 and 30, and which has its smaller portion surrounding and spaced slightly from the upper end portion of the fuel nozzle 8.

A diametrlical cross bar 32 isattached in any suitable manner to the upper'end the ,sleeve 27 so as to bridge or span the sleeve above the nozzle 8*, and the ends of the bar 32' protrude beyond the sleeve and fit slidably within diametrically opposite vertical grooves 33 with which the casing 1 is provided, so'thut the sleeve will be guided for vertical movement, and will be prevented from rotating. A depending valve 34 has its upper or butt end attached to the intermediate portion of the bar 32, andprojects downwardly into the passage or duct 9 I of the nozzle 8. I

The valve 34 has a shoulder 35 seatable upon the upper end of the nozzle 8 to close the passage thereof ordinarily, when the sleeve 27 is in its lowermost position, which it assumes due to the gravitation thereof. The smaller or lower end of the valve 34 is provided with a stem 36 projectingdownwardly withinand cut of the passage 9 into the cylinder 10, and a disk or.piston 37 is attached to the. lower end of the stem 36 and works snugly within the cylinder 10, said disk or piston having a plurality of re strictedapertures 38. The piston 37 in dash pot to prevent the too sudden or vibra- V tory' movement of the sleeve 27 and the air tube and needle valve attached thereto.

This prevents the fluctuation of the air controlling means. which would naturally be objectionable, but allows the air controlling means to be operated gradually and smoothly, since the liquid fuel within the cylinder can flow at a uniform rate through the apertures 38, either when the sleeve 37.

piston 37 is being moved upwardly or downwardly, due to the similar movement of the The shoulder 35 of the valve 34 in seating upon the upper end of the nozzle 8 limits the downward movement of the valve and parts attached thereto.

The influx of air through the ports 29 is controlledby an annulardamper or air controlling ring 39 which snugly surrounds the lower portion of the sleeve 37 around the ports 29. The ring 39 seats upon the but tom 3, and is provided with a lower annular or peripheral series of apertures 40 which are always below the bottom 28 of the sleeve 27, and which are arranged adjacent the bottom 3 of the casing. The ring 39 has a second annular or peripheral series of openings or ports 41 which are above the ports 29, or between the ports 29 and 30, so as to be normally closed by the sleeve 27, while the ports 29 are normally closed by the ring 39. The influx of air through the openings 30 is controlled by a second annular damper or air controlling ring v42 which snugly em braces the sleeve 27 adjacent its upper end, and which seats upon the lower ring 39. The ring 42 has an annular or peripheral series of ports 43 above the ports 30, said ring 42 normally closing the ports 30, and

the sleeve 27 normally closing the ports The upper edge of the ring 42 rotatably en gages the casing 1, and the sleeve 27 is disposed slidably within the rings 39-42. When the sleeve 27 has gravitated to normal lowered position, the ports 30 are spaced farther from the ports 43, than the ports 29 are spaced from the ports 41,-so that when the sleeve 27 is raised, theports 29 will start to register with the ports 41, before the ports 30 reach the ports 43. The casing 1 is provided with an annular space 44 surrouni'liiig the rings 39 and 42, whereby the air can flow from the intake port or duct 5 into the space 44 completely around the rings 39-42 so as to flow through all of the ports 4143.

Means are provided for rotating or adj usting the rings 39-42 to bring their ports into and more or less out of alinement with the ports of the sleeve 27, to control the amount of air admitted through said ports.

Thus, a pair of transverse shafts 45 are journaled in any suitable manner through the casing 1 tangentially relative to the respective rings 39-42, and worms 46 are se cured upon said shafts 45 within the space 44, and mesh with toothed or slotted portions 47 of the rings 3942, whereby when the shafts 45 are rotated, the rings 39-' -42 will be rotated. The protruding ends of the shafts 45 are provided with knobs 48,

whereby said shafts can be rotated. conveniently by hand outside of the earbureter.

instead of depending upon the rotation of the shafts 45.- It is evident that when the worms 46 are slid, the rings will be rotated, the same as if the worms were rotated. Thus, as illustrated in Fig. 4, each of the knobs is provided with an annular groove 49, at! .i .otutable shaft 50 extending to the dash (not shown) is journaled within a bearing 51 with which the casing 1 is provided, there being one of the shafts 50 for each ring The lower end of the shaft 50 has a pin 52 projecting therefrom at an eccentric point, and said pin 52 works within the groove 49, so that by oscillating or turning the shaft 50, the moved longitudinally of the shaft 45 to slide said shaft and thus turn the respective ring. When the ports of the rings are brought into alineinent with the ports of the sleeves, the sleeve in being raised will permit a maximum amount of air to flow through the ports, but if the ports of the rings are brought between the ports of the sleeve. a minimum amount of air is admitted. Thus, by regulating the rings 39-42, the inflow of air can be controlled to a nicety. I

In operation, when the carbureter is idle, the sleeve 27 gravitates and the valve 34 ,loses the end of the nozzle 8, to prevent the flow of fuel into the chamber 2. The sleeve 27 also closes the ports 41-43. Now, when the engine is started to create suction within the chamberl 2, the,suction will draw the air tube 31 upwardly, air being admitted under the bottom 28 of the sleeve 27 through the apertures 40, to allow the air -'tube to be drawn upward easily. When the air tube is raised sufliciently to bring the upper ends of the ports 29 above the lower ends of the ports 41. air will be ad'- mitted through the ports H-29 under the air tube 31, and will be drawn upwardly through said air tube past the free end of the fuel nozzle 8. At the same time that the sleeve 27 is raised, the valve 34 is raised to allow the fuel to flow from the fuel nozzle, and the air will thus atomize the fuel, to provide the carbureted air which will pass upwardly through the manifold 4 to the cylinders. The primary supply of air, therefore, will pass under and through the air tube to facilitate the atomization of the fuel, but if the suction is increased, the ports 30 are brought into communication with the ports 43. to admit a. secondary supply of air, which does not pass into the .air tube, but which will pass upwardly to pin 52 will be ISO . voir.

secondary supit will be evito control the primary and plies of air, as desired, and dent that the dash pot will prevent the vibration of the sleeve 27, and that the passage or duct 25 will insure the supply of fuel by gravity from the reservoir 12 into the nozzle 8 irrespective of the suction created.

A salient feature of the invention resulting from the two passages extending from the nozzle to the upper and lower portions of the reservoir, is the fact that the suction will extend through said passages, whereby the creation of a partial vacuum in the reservoir will draw the fuel from the supply tank (not shown), even though said tank be at a lower level than the reservoir. It is therefore not necessary to force the fuel by pressure from the tank into the reservoir, even though the tank is lower than the reservoir, and if the tank is higher up, the flow of fuel will be assisted by gravity. The fuel will thus flow to the carbureter under all conditions, even when the automobile is traveling upon a steep hill, and without the necessity of special provision being made for forcing the fuel under pressure from the tank to the reser- There is no liability of the carbureter being flooded with fuel, and there is only a small quantity of fuel in the carburetor ordinarily.

aving thus described what is claimed as new is:

carbureter embodying an upright casing having an atomizing chamber, an upwardly projecting fuel nozzle therein, and anoutstanding elevated fuel reservoir at one side wall, said side wall having a pair of vertical passages, one communicating with the lower portion of the reservoir and the other communicating with the upper portion of said reservoir, said nozzle having a pair of passages extending from'the upper end of the nozzle to its lower end, and the bottom of the casing having passages connecting the respective first mentioned and second mentionedpassages, a float controlled inlet means for said reservoir to maintain the fuel level above the nozzle. a valve seatable upon the upper end of the nozzle to close the respective passage which communicates with the lower portion of the reservoir, and means connected to said valve and disposed within the atomizing chamber whereby the air suction unseats the valve.

2. In a carbureter, a fuel nozzle, a slidable sleeve having an air tube therein coiipcrating with said nozzle, said sleeve having ports below said tube, and a damper snugly surrounding said sleeve and having ports above the aforesaid ports and with which they register when said tube is moved by thesuction.

3. In a carbureter, a fuel nozzle, a slidable the invention,

, above the respective ports sleeve having an air tube therein surrounding said nozzle, said sleeve having ports above and below said tube, and damper means snugly embracing said sleeve,'and having ports above the aforesaid ports and with which they register when said tube is raised.

4. In a carburetor, an upstanding fuel nozzle, a vertically slidable sleeve, an inverted funnel-shaped air tube having its rim attached to said sleeve and having its smaller portion surrounding said nozzle, said sleeve having ports above and below the rim of said tube, and damper means snugly embracing said sleeve and having upper and lower ports above the respective aforesaid ports and with which they are adapted to register when 'said sleeve is raised, the lower ports of the damper means and sleeve registering before the others.

5. In a carbureter, a fuel nozzle, a slidable sleeve having an air tube therein cooperating with said nozzle, said sleeve having an annular series of ports below said tube, and a rotatable ring snugly embracing said sleeve and having an annular series of ports above the aforesaid ports and with which they register when said sleeve is raised.

In a carburetor, an upstanding fuel nozzle, a vertically movable sleeve having an 95 air tube therein cooperating with said nozzle, said sleeve having an annular series of ports above said tube. and a rotatable ring snugly embracing said sleeve and having an annular series of ports above the aforesaid 100 ports and with which they register when said sleeve is raised.

7. In a carburetor. an upstanding fuel noz'zle, a vertically slidable sleeve having an air tube therein cooperating with said nozzle, said sleeve having annular series of ports above and below said tube, and a pair of independently rotatable rings disposed one above the other and snugly "embracing said sleeve, said rings having annular series 110 of ports above the respective aforesaid ports.

8. A carbureter embodying a casing having an upstanding fuel nozzle, a pair of independently rotatable rings within thecasing and disposed one above the other, a. vertically slidable sleeve within said rings having a bottom 'slidable upon said nozzle, the lower ring having apertures below said bottom. an inverted funnel-shaped air tube having its rim secured to said sleeve and having 12.) its smaller portion surrounding the said nozzle, said sleeve having annular series of ports above and below said rim of said tube, said rings having annular series of ports of said sleeve, the 125 lower ports of the sleeve registering with the ports of the lower ring before the upper ports of the sleeve register with the ports of the upper ring, means for rotating each of said rings, a cross bar carried by the 130 

